The important concepts aren't that complicated.

Instead of nesting a computer (VM's) the operating system makes the program think it's on its own dedicated computer (isolated file system space, cpu, and memory shares). A Dockerfile is just a basic script to construct one of these computers by commands and files.

The real reason people get excited is because they can ship a Docker "image". It's a layered filesystem which really is just like saying there's a system tracking who puts what files in what place and so it's easier to just send the whole setup to someone then try to document how you should set all that stuff up to run their software.

This is "dummier" proof than the pre-existing convention of just using a package manager to do this for you.

Use chatgpt to help you keep going, it's very helpful

edit: Thought I'd expand on this more. Treat ChatGPT like a fellow engineer who never gets annoyed at answering your questions, and will never tell you that you're dumb (haha). Tell it what yo'ure trying to do, copy paste your commands into it, copy paste the error messages if you have any. Literally, inundate it with questions and info and it'll help you understand what you're doing and help you unblock yourself. It's a great tool.